![]() ![]() ![]() The redox couple energy of Ni 2+/4+ and Co 3+/4+ can increase the battery's capacity ( Lee et al., 2014). Among them, +4 valence Mn guarantees structural stability, whereas +3 valence Co regulates cationic disorder and reduces surface energy ( Garcia et al., 2017). In LNCM, the valences of nickel, cobalt, and manganese cations are usually +2, +3, and +4, respectively ( Kang et al., 2006 Lin et al., 2014). A layered lithium nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) oxide LiNi xCo yMn zO 2 (LNCM) ternary cathode material with the combined advantages of LiCoO 2, LiNiO 2, and LiMnO 2 has been generated ( Park and Choi, 2018). LiNiO 2 has high energy density but is prone to structural disorder ( Liu et al., 2007 Deng et al., 2019). LiMnO 2 has good cycle performance but low preparation efficiency ( Zheng et al., 2016 Zhou et al., 2016). LiMn 2O 4 has excellent cycle performance but is prone to spinel phase degradation ( Dai et al., 2012 Bhuvaneswari et al., 2019). LiCoO 2 has good cycle stability in the cathode material of lithium batteries, but the actual capacity is low ( Yang et al., 2018 Wang et al., 2020b). Analyzing and optimizing the electrode material is an important approach to solving the bottleneck of the lithium ion battery ( Lipu et al., 2018 Zhang et al., 2018). The nature of the electrode material is the fundamental factor affecting the performance of the battery. However, fierce competition in this industry has brought about higher requirements for lithium-ion batteries ( Zubi et al., 2018). The new energy industry powered by lithium-ion batteries has been greatly developed ( Pant and Dolker, 2017 Barcellona and Piegari, 2020 Mossali et al., 2020 Wang et al., 2020d). Lithium-ion batteries are the most commonly used energy storage devices due to their high energy density and long cycle life ( Wang et al., 2020f Zhang et al., 2020). ![]() A good theoretical basis for future experimental exploration is provided.Īs environmental issues have become a major concern, reducing the use of fossil fuels has become a key issue. The synthesis method of high-nickel NCM ternary cathode material is summarized. This review discusses the reasons why the core-shell structure has become an optimized high-nickel ternary cathode material in recent years and the research progress of core-shell materials. This article reviews the defects caused by cation mixing and energy bands in high-nickel NCM ternary cathode materials. To address these issues, it is necessary to start from the surface and interface of the cathode material, explore the mechanism underlying the material's structural change and the occurrence of side reactions, and propose corresponding optimization schemes. The high-nickel type nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) ternary cathode material has attracted attention because of its high energy density, but it has problems such as cation mixing. To address increasingly prominent energy problems, lithium-ion batteries have been widely developed. 2School of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China. ![]()
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